Shuttlesworth v. City of Birmingham, 394 U.S. 147 (1969)
The Court ruled that permit systems for constitutional activity cannot rest on officials' unlimited discretion and must use narrow, objective, definite standards.
Citation: Shuttlesworth v. City of Birmingham, 394 U.S. 147 (1969).
See why unchecked permit power failedExplore the official case recordCompare the Library of Congress copyScroll inside the viewer to read the complete opinion. If your browser places a signature-validation banner over the first page, close it inside the viewer or use Open full screen above.
“I travel at the common law. I have a right to travel freely uncumbered pursuant to Shapiro versus Thompson.”Carl Miller — Right to Travel constitutional defense
More right-to-travel Supreme Court cases
Crandall v. Nevada, Edwards v. California, Kent v. Dulles, United States v. Guest, Shapiro v. Thompson, Dunn v. Blumstein, Memorial Hospital v. Maricopa County, and Saenz v. Roe — 1868 through 1999, with every full opinion ready to read.